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Creatine: Better regeneration, more strength, performance & energy?
Creatine serves as an energy store for the muscles. It is needed for energy regeneration in the muscles.
Creatine is mainly used for short-term, intensive physical exertion and in strength training. But non-athletes can also benefit from taking creatine.
In this article you will learn what creatine does in the body and what effects it has.
Creatine in food
Creatine is found primarily in animal foods. Plant foods contain only very small amounts of creatine.
The body can also produce creatine itself to a limited extent. This requires the amino acids arginine, glycine and methionine.
The daily creatine requirement is estimated at 1-3 g. About half is absorbed through food, the rest is produced by the body.
Competitive athletes have an increased need for creatine of up to 10 g per day. Certain illnesses can also increase the need for creatine.
The following foods are particularly rich in creatine: 1
Herring: 650 – 1,000 mg/100 g
Pork: 500 mg/100 g
Beef: 450 mg/100 g
Salmon: 450 mg/100 g
Tuna: 400 mg/100 g
Cod: 300 mg/100 g
Plaice: 200 mg/100 g
Milk: 10 mg/100 g
What does creatine do in the body?
Creatine restores energy used up in the cells. To understand exactly what creatine does, we need to take a little excursion into biochemistry. But it doesn't get too complicated.
The energy currency of cells is ATP. ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate and contains three phosphate groups. Energy is released when a phosphate group is split off from ATP. This creates ADP. ADP stands for adenosine diphosphate , which only contains two phosphate groups.
This is where creatine comes in: it can regenerate ATP very quickly. It provides a phosphate group that is needed to turn ADP back into ATP.
Proven effects of creatine
Creatine is one of the best-researched substances and there are many studies on creatine. The European Food Safety Authority decides which effects have sufficient meaningful data. These effects are officially recognized and considered proven.
The European Food Safety Authority confirms the following effect of creatine in its Health Claims Regulation: 2 3
The daily intake of 3g of creatine increases physical performance during explosive strength training as part of short-term intensive physical activity.
Daily intake of 3g of creatine can increase the effect of resistance training on muscle strength in adults over 55 years of age.
It is important to note that these effects have only been demonstrated with a daily dose of 3 g or more.
Effects of creatine that are currently being investigated
There are many other potential uses for creatine. However, these are still being scientifically investigated and have not yet been conclusively proven.
Creatine and muscle regeneration
During intensive strength training, microscopic tears develop in the muscles. During regeneration, these tears heal and the muscles become stronger. Studies indicate that creatine could accelerate regeneration after training. 4 5
Influence of creatine on mental performance
The brain uses large amounts of ATP when performing tasks that require a lot of concentration. It is therefore logical that creatine could improve concentration.
Creatine appears to be able to improve mental performance, particularly in stressful situations, when there is a lack of sleep and in combination with exercise. 6 7
Creatine in progressive neurological diseases
Initial studies show promising results in the neurological diseases Huntington's chorea, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through the administration of creatine, especially in combination with coenzyme Q10 . 8 9
Effect of creatine on bone stability
There is evidence that creatine may improve bone stability, particularly when combined with strength training. 10 Strength training alone is an effective approach to increasing bone stability. Studies have not yet been able to clearly show whether creatine has additional benefits in terms of bone density when combined with strength training. 11 In the laboratory, however, creatine can stimulate the growth of osteoblasts (bone-building cells). 12
Creatine for muscle diseases
In people with progressive muscle diseases characterized by a loss of muscle strength (muscular dystrophies), the creatine content in the muscles is lower than in healthy people. Taking creatine can increase muscle strength. 13
Creatine for fibromyalgia
Creatine appears to have a positive effect on fibromyalgia . 14 In one study, taking creatine increased muscle strength, relieved pain, and improved quality of life. 15
Effect of creatine on heart failure
Like skeletal muscles, the heart muscle also needs ATP. In patients with heart failure, the creatine level in the heart muscle is too low. Initial studies show that creatine could be useful in heart failure, especially in combination with coenzyme Q10. 16 17
Can creatine cause hair loss?
There is a rumor going around that taking creatine can cause hair loss. The origin of this lies in a study on men in whom DHT levels increased after taking creatine. 18 DHT stands for dihydrotestosterone and is a male sex hormone. DHT can cause the hair root to shrink and an increased level can promote hair loss.
However, the study had many weaknesses and the results could not be reproduced in other studies. There is no evidence that creatine can actually cause hair loss.
Which form of creatine is recommended?
There are different creatine compounds, such as creatine magnesium chelate, creatine pyruvate, creatine citrate, creatine ethyl ester, creatine nitrate, creatine hydrochloride and creatine monohydrate.
Creatine hydrochloride and creatinine monohydrate are the two most common forms.
Creatine monohydrate is the best-researched form of creatine. Most creatine studies have been conducted with this form. If you want to be sure that creatine has the desired effect, you should use creatine monohydrate.
Buy creatine
There are big differences in the quality of creatine. That's why you should pay attention to quality features when buying.
Purity : It indicates whether it is pure creatine or whether it contains other ingredients-
Mesh factor : This indicates how finely ground the powder is. This affects the absorption of creatine. The higher the mesh factor, the better it can be absorbed.
Additives : It should be free from unnecessary additives such as colorings, preservatives, sweeteners and anti-caking agents.
Free from harmful substances : It should be tested for harmful substances to exclude contamination.
Viktilabs creatine monohydrate is ultra pure (99.9%), has the highest possible mesh factor (200), is tested for harmful substances and contains no additives. It is also vegan and contains no animal-based ingredients, and comes in recyclable packaging.
1 https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Creatine-Content-in-Select-Foods_tbl3_227249571
2 https://www.efsa.europa.eu/de/efsajournal/pub/4400
3 https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2303
4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8228369/
5 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19490606/
6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046034/
7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16416332/
8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25792086/
9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19476553/
10 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16222402/
11 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5928444/
12 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16025431/
13 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21399918
14 https://acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acr.22020
15 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19758235/
16 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21462215/
17 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067763/
18 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19741313/

The best supplements to support your joints
The joints are the connection between two bones. Over the course of a lifetime, they are bent and stretched countless times.
The joints are therefore exposed to enormous stress and over the years the articular cartilage can become damaged or broken down. In colloquial terms, this is referred to as joint wear. Since the cartilage acts as a cushion between the bones, this can easily lead to joint pain.
Here you can find out which supplements you can use to support your joints.
Collagen
Collagen is a component of articular cartilage and can improve the strength of joints. As we age, collagen breaks down more and more, which promotes joint pain and other joint problems.
Many studies indicate that taking collagen can relieve symptoms of osteoarthritis . 1
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is needed for the production of collagen. 2 In this way, vitamin C could indirectly support joint health.
Glucosamine and chondroitin
Glucosamine and chondroitin are also important components of articular cartilage and are intended to counteract cartilage degradation.
In studies, the two combined were able to relieve joint pain. 3
Hyaluronic acid
Hyaluronic acid binds water and acts as a lubricant in the joints. It is often used for joint pain, especially osteoarthritis. 4
Calcium, vitamin D3 and vitamin K2
Healthy cartilage protects the bones. It acts like a kind of shock absorber. If the cartilage is damaged, the bones are easily attacked.
That's why you should also think about your bones if you have joint problems. Important nutrients for the bones are calcium, vitamin D3, and vitamin K2.
Calcium is the so-called bone mineral: bones consist largely of calcium and it gives the bones strength.
Vitamin D3 promotes the absorption of calcium from the intestine. It ensures that calcium is available to the body. A vitamin D deficiency is associated with loss of cartilage mass and osteoarthritis. 5
Vitamin K2 ensures that calcium gets from the blood into the bones. In people with osteoarthritis who have low vitamin K levels, joint wear progresses more quickly. 6
MSM
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is organic sulfur. Sulfur is an important building block of collagen and chondroitin.
MSM is also said to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Oxidative stress promotes the breakdown of cartilage.
Especially in combination with chondroitin and glucosamine, MSM appears to be able to relieve joint pain and increase mobility. 7 8
Omega-3
Omega-3 fatty acids have an anti-inflammatory effect and are therefore particularly useful for inflammatory joint pain such as osteoarthritis.
They could also be important for cartilage preservation: osteoarthritis patients with a good supply of omega-3 have less cartilage loss. 9
Conclusion: Healthy joints are well supplied with certain nutrients
Many nutrients are important for the formation and maintenance of cartilage. Other nutrients, however, have an anti-inflammatory effect and can thus counteract inflammatory joint pain.
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1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30368550/
2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18505499/
3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25589511/
4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4281855/
5 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2015/383918/
6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25528106/
7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21708034/
8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28790224/
9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22353693/

Cellulite treatment: How to get rid of it
Cellulite is a skin condition in which small dents and bumps form in the skin. It is also known as orange peel skin.
Cellulite is caused by changes in the connective tissue. This leads to tension and hardening in the tissue, which causes the typical dents to form.
Cellulite forms mainly on the thighs and buttocks. It can also appear on the breasts, arms and neck. Cellulite mainly affects women. Around 80 to 90% of women have cellulite at some point in their lives. The reason for this is that the collagen fibers in the connective tissue of the skin are arranged differently in women than in men, which promotes cellulite.
Cellulite is not treated in conventional medicine because it is a cosmetic problem and has no health consequences.
If you are overweight, losing weight can often improve cellulite. Diet and exercise play an important role here. Exercise also helps to tighten the connective tissue, which can counteract cellulite. Lymphatic drainage promotes the drainage of tissue water, which can reduce the appearance of cellulite.
Certain nutrients can also potentially support the treatment of cellulite.
Collagen
Collagen is the most common protein in connective tissue. It is a structural protein that is important for the strength and elasticity of connective tissue.
In one study, collagen supplementation appeared to help reduce cellulite in women. Studies indicate that collagen is most effective when combined with hyaluronic acid and vitamin C. 1
Vitamin C
Cellulite is associated with increased oxidative stress. Vitamin C is an important antioxidant that can capture free radicals and thus counteract oxidative stress.
Vitamin C is also needed for the production of collagen.
Studies suggest that vitamin C, especially in combination with OPC, zinc and vitamin E, could improve the elasticity and moisture of the skin. 2
Zinc
Zinc is very important for skin health. It is needed for cell division and thus promotes the regeneration of skin and connective tissue. 3
Zinc also has an antioxidant effect and helps counteract the oxidative stress associated with cellulite.
OPC
Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) are extracted from grape seeds. OPC has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect.
In animals, OPC was able to strengthen collagen bonds, which could tighten connective tissue and increase skin moisture. 4
Conclusion: Certain nutrients should not be missing if you have cellulite
Since cellulite is associated with oxidative stress, a good supply of antioxidants is useful for cellulite. There is promising evidence that collagen is effective in treating cellulite, especially in combination with vitamin C.
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1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681787/
2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5579659/
3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16029676/
4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12635161/

Detoxification: What is really effective?
Nowadays we are exposed to countless toxins: heavy metals, mold toxins, fine dust, pesticides, herbicides and many other chemicals. In addition, physiological processes in the body produce toxic metabolic products that need to be detoxified.
Nutrients and other substances can bind toxins and thus promote their excretion.
Enzymes in the liver that are involved in detoxification also require a number of nutrients to function.
The following essential nutrients and plant substances can promote detoxification:
Quercetin
Quercetin is a plant substance with antioxidant properties. It appears to be able to counteract oxidative stress and the associated inflammation. Quercetin can therefore probably reduce oxidative stress caused by increased heavy metal exposure.
Additionally, data suggests that quercetin may bind heavy metals and help protect organs from heavy metal damage. 1
Black cumin seeds
Black cumin seeds are used in naturopathy, especially for hay fever. They are also said to have a purifying and detoxifying effect.
Black cumin contains numerous secondary plant substances such as p-cymene, thymoquinone, α-thujene, and carotenoids. They appear to be able to protect the liver from oxidative damage. 2 The liver is the most important detoxification organ that can be affected by excessive oxidative stress.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is an important antioxidant in the body that can scavenge free radicals and thus counteract oxidative stress.
Heavy metals cause oxidative stress, which can probably be counteracted by a good supply of vitamin C.
In addition, vitamin C appears to be able to promote the excretion of certain heavy metals: there is evidence that taking high doses of vitamin C could reduce lead and arsenic exposure. 3
N-Acetyl-Cysteine
N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) is a sulfur-containing amino acid. Sulfur can bind heavy metals.
In addition, N-acetyl cysteine provides sulfur, which is needed for the detoxification molecule glutathione. 4 Glutathione plays a central role in the second phase of detoxification, which takes place in the liver.
Green tea
Green tea is rich in polyphenols, the antioxidant epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and caffeine. Its antioxidant effect is thought to counteract inflammation that occurs during detoxification. 5
Fermented soybeans
Fermented soybeans contain the enzyme nattokinase, which is said to have blood-thinning properties. There is also evidence that nattokinase may support liver detoxification. 6
Dandelion
Dandelion is rich in flavonoids, which are said to have an antioxidant effect. In naturopathy, dandelion is often used to cleanse the liver. It is also said to be able to stimulate bile production. 7
Milk thistle
Milk thistle is rich in silymarin, a flavonoid complex that is said to have liver-protecting properties. For this reason, milk thistle is known as a medicinal plant for the liver and is often used in detoxification treatments. It is said to inhibit the liver's oxidation of fats and stimulate the flow of bile. 8
turmeric
The curcumin in turmeric has long been valued as a medicinal agent in traditional Chinese medicine due to its antioxidant properties. There is also evidence that curcumin may stimulate liver function, making it easier to eliminate toxins. 9
selenium
Selenium is an essential trace element that we must consume through food. Unfortunately, selenium is often lacking in our diet.
Selenium is a component of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which plays an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress in the body.
There is also evidence that selenium may promote the elimination of heavy metals. 10
Selenomethionine is particularly useful for detoxification because the amino acid methionine contains sulfur, which is also said to promote detoxification.
The Revitoxa Complex from Viktilabs
The Revitoxa complex from Viktilabs combines all of the above-mentioned detoxifying substances: quercetin, black cumin, vitamin C, N-acetyl cysteine, green tea, fermented soybeans, dandelion, milk thistle, turmeric and selenium. The complex is developed in Germany according to the highest quality standards and is free of unnecessary additives such as binding agents, separating agents, colorants and sweeteners, as well as preservatives.
Here you come to the Revitoxa complex.
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1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34663344/
2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33564654/
3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3476002/
4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22284448/
5 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24494192/
6 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9550699/
7 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10343869/
8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30080294/
9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30949432/
10 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25947386/

Selenium: Indispensable for the thyroid
Selenium is an essential trace element. It is particularly important for the thyroid gland and a deficiency can worsen an underactive thyroid. But selenium is also very important for hyperthyroidism. Unfortunately, selenium is often lacking in Germany because Germany is a selenium-deficient area.
In this article you will learn what you need to know about selenium for the thyroid.
Importance of selenium for the thyroid
Selenium has important functions in the formation of thyroid hormones: it is needed for the conversion of thyroxine (T4) into active triiodothyronine (T3).
Selenium is also a component of antioxidant enzymes. It captures free radicals in the thyroid. The formation of thyroid hormones produces hydrogen peroxide, a very reactive molecule that causes oxidative stress. 1
Selenium for Hashimoto and hypothyroidism
Selenium is particularly important for Hashimoto's disease, as it improves the tolerance of iodine. Iodine is often avoided by people with Hashimoto's disease, as it is usually very poorly tolerated. However, iodine is an essential nutrient that should not be neglected. It is not only important for the thyroid, but also for all other organs.
However, iodine can cause oxidative stress in the thyroid, which is already very high in Hashimoto's disease. Selenium intercepts free radicals in the thyroid and thus counteracts this.
Some studies also suggest that taking selenium could help reduce TPO antibodies and TG antibodies in Hashimoto's disease. 2 However, the research is not clear on this. Selenium supplementation is probably most effective when there is a selenium deficiency.
But selenium is also a very critical nutrient in other forms of hypothyroidism, because a selenium deficiency can worsen hypothyroidism.
Selenium for hyperthyroidism
A good supply of selenium is also important in cases of hyperthyroidism. This sounds a bit counterintuitive at first: Since selenium promotes thyroid function and the thyroid is too active in cases of hyperthyroidism, one might think that selenium increases the hyperthyroidism.
However, it is important to remember that hyperthyroidism is not caused by an oversupply of selenium. Conversely, it therefore makes no sense to deprive the thyroid of essential nutrients. Especially when you consider that selenium is not only important for the thyroid, but also for the rest of the body.
Selenium is indeed very important in cases of hyperthyroidism: hyperactivity of the thyroid is associated with increased oxidative stress, which causes inflammation. This can be counteracted by a good supply of selenium. 3
It is therefore not surprising that taking selenium in Graves' disease can reduce inflammation and improve quality of life and well-being. 4 Again, selenium probably has the greatest effect when there is a deficiency.
Selenium supply in Germany
Germany is a selenium-deficient area. This means that our soils are low in selenium. As a result, our food also contains little selenium and we usually do not consume enough selenium through our diet.
According to the German Society for Nutrition (DGE), the daily selenium requirement is 60 ug for women and 70 ug for men. 5 It is estimated that around 70% of Germans do not consume enough selenium. 6 On average, women consume only 38 ug of selenium, men 47 ug. 7
There are also indications that the DGE estimates the requirement too low. 80 – 100 ug daily seem to be necessary for optimal function of selenium-dependent enzymes. 8
Dosage of selenium for the thyroid
For thyroid diseases, approximately 100 - 200 ug of selenium daily is generally recommended. For long-term supplementation, it should be noted that selenium is toxic in high doses. An overdose should therefore be avoided at all costs.
If the selenium status is unknown, selenium in the form of sodium selenite is recommended. Sodium selenite is absorbed via the selenium transporter. This depends on requirements, which is why it is difficult to overdose on this form.
Selenomethionine, on the other hand, is incorporated into proteins as methionine. As a result, the selenium is not recognized as selenium and there is a risk of overdose. For this reason, selenomethionine should only be taken in higher doses (over 100 µg daily) if the selenium level is regularly checked.
Normal values in whole blood are 121 – 200 ug/l.
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1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8658851/
2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11932302/
3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35784564/
4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29092078/
5 https://www.dge.de/forschung/referenzwerte/selen/
6 https://www.amazon.de/Schilddr%C3%BCsenkranken-Lothar-Andreas-Hotze/dp/3880400024
7 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211968X13000120
8 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211968X13000120

Shingles: Can micronutrients support treatment?
Shingles (herpes zoster) is caused by varicella zoster viruses. The initial infection with varicella zoster viruses usually occurs in childhood and leads to chickenpox. Years later, the viruses can be reactivated in the body, causing shingles.
Shingles is typically characterized by a painful, belt-like skin rash. In severe cases, nerve cells can be damaged (post-herpetic neuralgia), which is accompanied by severe nerve pain. The nerve pain can last for a long period of time.
Shingles can also cause headaches, fever, itching, fatigue and sensitivity to light
In immunocompromised people, the virus can spread throughout the body and attack internal organs.
In the treatment of shingles, active substances are used that inhibit the proliferation of viruses. This can shorten the duration of the illness and reduce the risk of subsequent damage. Pain-relieving medications are also used.
The following micronutrients can complement the treatment of shingles:
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is very important for the immune system. Vitamin C is also an effective antioxidant that counteracts oxidative stress. This means it can also reduce inflammation caused by oxidative stress.
A poor supply of vitamin C is associated with increased pain in post-herpetic neuralgia. Conversely, initial studies suggest that the administration of vitamin C could relieve pain in post-herpetic neuralgia. The pain-relieving effect of high doses of vitamin C is well documented in other types of pain. 1
Zinc
Zinc has many important functions in the immune system. Zinc also counteracts oxidative stress and has an anti-inflammatory effect.
Zinc deficiency appears to increase the risk of post-herpetic neuralgia, as patients with post-herpetic neuralgia often have low zinc levels.
Since zinc is so important for the immune system, it is generally recommended to ensure a good zinc supply in the event of an infectious disease. 2
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is essential for the immune system. A vitamin D deficiency increases susceptibility to infections.
There also seems to be a connection between vitamin D supply and pain in post-herpetic neuralgia: people with low vitamin D levels are more affected by pain. 3
Unfortunately, vitamin D deficiency is very common in Germany, especially in winter. If you have shingles, vitamin D deficiency should be avoided at all costs.
β-glucans
β -glucans occur naturally in the cell walls of mushrooms. They can stimulate the immune system and thus support the body's defenses. 4 Medicinal mushrooms are a good source of β -glucans and there are more and more studies investigating the effect of medicinal mushrooms on the immune system.
There are no studies yet on the effect of medicinal mushrooms on shingles, but it is definitely worth a try.
B vitamins
B vitamins are also known as nerve vitamins. For good reason. A good supply of B vitamins is essential for nerve health.
B vitamins can relieve nerve pain and reduce inflammation, which is often responsible for the pain.5 They can also improve the analgesic effect of medications.
Vitamins B1, B6 and B12 in particular are essential for the regeneration of nerve cells.
Patients with post-herpetic neuralgia often have low vitamin B12 levels. It is therefore important to ensure a good supply of vitamin B12 and other B vitamins.
Lysine
The amino acid lysine can inhibit the proliferation of viruses. This has been well researched, particularly in the case of herpes symplex viruses. 6 These viruses depend on the amino acid arginine to proliferate. Lysine is an antagonist of arginine.
There are no studies on shingles, but since varicella zoster viruses are closely related to herpes symplex viruses, lysine probably has a similar effect here.
Conclusion: Immune-boosting nutrients should not be missing for shingles
As with all infectious diseases, when suffering from shingles, it is important to ensure that you have a good supply of nutrients that are important for the immune system. The nerves should also be well supplied with the nutrients they need to function.
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1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5391567/
2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18250973/
3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25487609/
4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3832763/
5 https://www.scielo.br/j/rdor/a/kT5mLw4Y4HMJtxYzkgH86XD/?format=pdf&lang=en
6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3115841/

Treat athlete’s foot with micronutrients?
Athlete's foot is extremely unpleasant: it causes itching, redness, blisters and scales. Athlete's foot mainly affects the soles of the feet, but often also affects the spaces between the toes, where the skin can easily tear. The fungus can also spread to the toenails and cause nail fungus, which is difficult to treat.
Athlete's foot is a fungal infection of the skin. It is caused by filamentous fungi and dermatophytes that attack the skin. The fungi feed on the horny substance of the skin.
The risk of infection is particularly high in public places where people walk barefoot, such as swimming pools and saunas. Sweating in shoes also promotes the development of athlete's foot, as fungi love it warm and moist.
People with immune deficiencies and diabetes have an increased risk of athlete's foot.
Athlete's foot is very contagious and can spread to other areas of the skin, such as the hands and the intimate area. That's why it's extremely important to maintain good hygiene when you have athlete's foot and to treat it as quickly as possible.
Athlete's foot does not go away on its own and must be treated with antifungal agents, so-called antimycotics. Athlete's foot is usually treated with creams or sprays that contain antimycotic agents.
In the case of large-scale infestation or if the fungus cannot be treated externally, tablets containing antimycotic active ingredients are also used. However, these often have unpleasant side effects such as nausea, itching and loss of appetite.
Micronutrients can support the treatment of athlete's foot.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C plays an important role in the immune system. [1] Vitamin C also promotes the formation of collagen. Collagen is the most common protein in connective tissue, which also includes the skin. If there is an insufficient supply of vitamin C, wound healing is impaired, making it easier for fungi to attack. That's why you should make sure you have enough vitamin C if you have athlete's foot.
zinc
Zinc has many functions in the immune system. At the same time, it is very important for the skin. It promotes the regeneration of skin cells and thus stimulates wound healing. [2] Fungi damage the skin, which makes it easier for them to multiply. [3] That is why a good supply of zinc is particularly important for athlete's foot.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is very important for the immune system. It helps us fight fungi. A vitamin D deficiency makes us more susceptible to all kinds of infections.
In addition, vitamin D is needed for the formation and maturation of skin cells. [4] A good supply of vitamin D therefore makes the skin resistant to fungi.
β-Glucans
β-glucans are dietary fiber. The cell walls of fungi consist of β-glucans. An increased intake of β-glucans sensitizes the immune system to fungi. This makes it easier to fight fungi in the event of a fungal infection. [5]
Medicinal mushrooms such as reishi , cordyceps and almond mushroom are very rich in β-glucans. It is therefore obvious that they could have a supportive effect on athlete's foot.
Grapefruit seed extract
Grapefruit seed extract attacks the cell walls of bacteria and fungi, thereby inhibiting their growth. [6] Unfortunately, there is little data on humans, but due to its antifungal effect, grapefruit seed extract is very promising for athlete's foot.
Conclusion: The immune system needs nutrients to fight athlete's foot
Our immune system is the most effective weapon against athlete's foot and other infections, so it makes sense to avoid a deficiency in nutrients that the immune system needs.
A good supply of vitamin C, zinc and vitamin D is very important for immune function.
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[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29099763/
[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5793244/
[3] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1980.tb01997.x
[4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23174792/
[5] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20186110/
[6] https://academic.oup.com/jbcr/article-abstract/24/suppl_2/S139/4734379?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Tired because of jet lag? How to combat jet lag
Anyone who has ever taken a long flight will know this: In the first few days, you are usually plagued by sleep disorders and tiredness. These are typical symptoms of jet lag. Here you can find out what jet lag is and what you can do about it.
What is jet lag?
The term jet lag describes very well what it is about. The word comes from English. Jet means jet plane and lag means time difference.
Because we will be able to cross several time zones in just a few hours by plane, our internal clock will be disrupted. Our bodies have to get used to the new sleeping and eating times, which takes some time. [1] Jet lag is therefore a modern phenomenon that has only existed since the invention of the airplane.
Symptoms of jet lag
Jet lag is experienced very individually. Some people hardly notice it, while others suffer greatly from it. The symptoms are not the same for everyone either.
However, the following symptoms are typical and frequently observed: [2]
Problems falling asleep and staying asleep
fatigue
Reduced performance
dizziness
Concentration problems
Headache
Irritability
Digestive problems
Loss of appetite
Why is jet lag less pronounced heading west?
Many people have fewer problems flying west than flying east: they find flying west much more pleasant. Why is that?
When you fly west, the day gets longer, so you go to bed later and can sleep longer the next day. Sounds a bit like a vacation or a weekend, doesn't it?
Exactly! That's why night owls in particular have fewer problems when they fly west. For morning people, however, who naturally wake up early in the morning and like to go to bed early, it's the exact opposite. They find flights east easier.
In the end, however, it makes no difference: Anyone who flies west will come back at some point and vice versa.
How long does jet lag last?
How long jet lag lasts varies from person to person. As a rule of thumb, jet lag lasts one day for every hour of time difference. So if there is an 8-hour time difference, you can expect it to take 8 days for your body to get used to the new time zone.
This is how you can reduce jet lag.
Unfortunately, jet lag cannot be completely avoided when there is a big time difference. But there are a few things you can do to reduce the effects and to adjust to the new time more quickly.
1) Prepare for the time difference
You can prepare for jet lag before you fly. If you're flying west, try going to bed a little later and sleeping a little longer than usual in the days before departure.
If you are flying east, the opposite is true: in this case, you should try to go to bed a little earlier and get up earlier before the flight.
2) Fly at a convenient time
This point is very important. For example, if you are flying west and in the days before the flight you have already adjusted your daily routine to the new time zone by going to bed later, you should avoid having to get up unusually early for the flight. This would ruin all your preparation. On the day of departure, you should therefore sleep in as much as possible.
Conversely, you should also arrive at your new location during the day. Otherwise, you will disrupt your sleep-wake rhythm more than necessary.
3) Adjust your meal times to the new time zone
Eating times have a big impact on the sleep-wake rhythm: we usually eat during the day and do not eat at night when we sleep. [3]
Even on the plane, you should make sure to adjust your meal times to the new time zone. If you are on the plane and it is the middle of the night in the new time zone, you should not eat anything.
After you arrive, you should eat at the usual times, but in the new time zone. For example, if you normally eat breakfast at 8 a.m., lunch at 12 p.m. and dinner around 7 p.m., you should do the same in the new time zone. This will help your body adjust more quickly.
4) Use natural daylight
Natural daylight determines our day-wake rhythm. It can therefore help you enormously to get used to the new time zone as quickly as possible. [4]
Early morning daylight helps you wake up. Waking up to daylight is ideal. You should also get natural daylight soon after you wake up. The commute to work is a good time to do this. If you don't have to leave the house, you can take a short walk around the block. This strategy is very useful whether you're flying east or west. Morning daylight signals to your body that it's time to start the day. Conversely, going to bed at a reasonable hour will also help you.
Conversely, this also means that you should avoid artificial light in the evening as much as possible. If you are flying west, staying awake longer may help you. But be aware that too much light in the evening has a negative impact on the quality of your sleep. You should be especially careful with light in the evening if you have problems falling asleep. If you cannot avoid being exposed to artificial light in the evening, blue light filter glasses can help.
5) Use coffee wisely
On the one hand, coffee can help you reduce jet lag, but on the other hand, you have to be careful with coffee. Otherwise, it can have the opposite effect. Coffee can wake you up and thus alleviate the symptoms of jet lag, but on the other hand, it can also have a negative effect on sleep. You should of course avoid the latter at all costs.
If you're flying west and have trouble staying awake late in the evening, an afternoon coffee can help. In the morning, however, coffee can help you get going, especially if coffee is part of your morning routine anyway.
However, if you are flying east, you should be careful about drinking coffee in the afternoon, as it may prevent you from falling asleep at bedtime.
6) Reduce jet lag with melatonin
Melatonin is a sleep hormone that determines our sleep-wake rhythm.
Light inhibits melatonin synthesis. When it gets dark in the evening, the body normally produces melatonin. However, if you have jet lag, it can take several days for melatonin synthesis to adjust.
However, you can also take melatonin from outside. This is very useful for jet lag. It can shorten the time it takes to fall asleep and reduce the feeling of jet lag.
Melatonin is particularly helpful on flights heading east. If you have trouble falling asleep, it can help you go to bed at a reasonable time. You should take melatonin in the evening, about half an hour before your planned bedtime. Studies have shown that taking melatonin can reduce jet lag. [5]
Here you can learn more about melatonin and how it can help you.
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[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3630947/
[2] https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jet-lag/
[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3227713/
[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751071/
[5] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3085768/

Using micronutrients to alleviate the effects of alcohol addiction
Excessive alcohol consumption puts a great strain on the body and can damage many organs, especially the liver and nerves.
Alcohol increases the need for many nutrients. In addition, alcoholics often do not consume enough vitamins and minerals. In addition, deficiencies can easily occur, which can exacerbate the effects of alcohol consumption.
Although consuming too much alcohol causes physical discomfort, abstaining from alcohol causes withdrawal symptoms in addicts, which can make it very difficult to stop drinking.
The aim of treating alcohol addiction is to help addicts to withdraw. Certain medications can alleviate withdrawal symptoms such as increased heart rate and feelings of anxiety. Psychotherapy can also help with withdrawal.
Taking micronutrients can counteract nutritional deficiencies that can easily arise from alcohol abuse.
B vitamins
The liver has important functions in the metabolism of B vitamins . If its function is impaired, a deficiency in B vitamins can easily occur. 1 In addition, alcohol addicts often do not absorb enough B vitamins through their diet.
Vitamin B1 : Vitamin B1 deficiency is very common among alcoholics, with an estimated 50% affected. 2
Vitamin B3 : A deficiency in vitamin B3 is associated with alcohol abuse.
Vitamin B6 : When alcohol is broken down, a metabolic product is created that reduces the absorption of vitamin B6.
Folic acid (vitamin B9) : Approximately 80% of alcohol addicts do not have sufficient folic acid .
Vitamin B12 : Alcohol consumption appears to promote a vitamin B12 deficiency. Even small amounts of alcohol have this effect.
Antioxidants
Heavy alcohol consumption leads to oxidative stress, which damages the liver, among other things. Antioxidants capture free radicals and thus counteract oxidative stress. 3 Vitamin A , vitamin C and vitamin E are important antioxidants in the body. Alcohol consumption also interferes with the absorption of fat, which means that the fat-soluble vitamins A and E cannot be utilized as well.
Zinc and selenium are also important antioxidants that are easily lacking in alcoholics.
Magnesium
Alcohol leads to an increased excretion of magnesium . In addition, people who are addicted to alcohol consume less magnesium, which can easily lead to a deficiency.
Magnesium is important for the functioning of nerves and muscles, among other things. There is evidence that taking magnesium could improve muscle strength in alcohol addicts. 4
Probiotics
Alcohol can damage many organs, including the intestines. It inhibits beneficial intestinal bacteria, which allows potentially harmful intestinal bacteria to multiply more easily. These bacteria produce ammonia and other toxins that damage the intestinal wall.
Probiotics contain beneficial intestinal bacteria that promote intestinal health. They can also strengthen the intestinal wall.
Initial studies suggest that probiotics could reduce inflammation levels in alcohol-related liver cirrhosis. 5
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is metabolized in the liver. If the liver is damaged, there is an increased need for vitamin D and a deficiency can occur more easily. Vitamin D also seems to be able to counteract liver damage in cases of alcohol abuse. 6
L-Carnitine
L-carnitine is important for the mitochondria, the power plants of our cells, because it is needed to transport fatty acids into the mitochondria.
Alcoholics often have low L-carnitine levels. 7 Taking L-carnitine appears to reduce listlessness in alcoholics. There is also evidence that L-carnitine may reduce cravings for alcohol. 8
Conclusion:
Alcohol addicts are often undersupplied with many essential nutrients. Nutrient deficiencies can increase the damage caused by alcohol abuse. A good supply of certain nutrients, on the other hand, appears to be able to protect against alcohol damage.
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1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23752606/
2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24343128/
3 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175646462030236X
4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2265283/
5 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630107/
6 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/12/121214190935.htm
7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23752606/
8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20595193/








